医疗废物焚烧过程中无机溴的迁移特性研究

Migration characteristics of inorganic bromine during incineration of medical waste

为了研究焚烧温度、组分和停留时间对医疗废物焚烧过程中无机溴迁移行为的影响,利用管式炉焚烧系统,选择医疗废物中典型有机组分脱脂棉和聚丙烯,通过加入适量的NaBr进行焚烧平衡实验.实验表明:管式炉焚烧系统可以满足溴的迁移行为研究.焚烧温度对无机溴的迁移有重要影响,与聚丙烯相比,脱脂棉焚烧过程中Br的析出明显降低;聚丙烯焚烧中无机溴的析出过程可以分为2个阶段;脱脂棉焚烧时,无机溴的析出分为3个阶段;无机溴在焚烧过程中转化为HBr的比率并不高,在含溴医疗废物焚烧过程中,绝大部分溴都会释放出来,但最终只有少量排入大气.

This work investigated the migration characteristics of inorganic bromine during the incineration of medical waste with different components at different temperature and residence time in furnace. The experiments were carried out by using a fixed bed tubular furnace. Cotton and polypropylene, the typical organic components in medical waste were incinerated with the addition of NaBr. Based on the balanced experiment, it was indicated that this experimental system is suitable for studying the migration characteristics of inorganic bromine, and the temperature is an important parameter for the migration of bromine during incineration. Bromine emission can be weakened at high temperature stage during cotton combustion, compared with polypropylene combustion. The migration process of bromine can be subdivided into two stages during the combustion for the mixture of NaBr and polypropylene, and three stages for the mixture of NaBr and cotton. The low conversion rate of inorganic bromide to HBr was discovered in this study, and most of inorganic bromine will be emitted during medical waste combustion, but a little of them will be blown into atmosphere.