地铁工程Near-miss知识库构建

Foundation of Near-miss knowledge base for metro projects

针对目前地铁施工的安全管理问题,引入Near-miss(未遂事件或险兆事件)概念,构建出地铁工程的Near-miss知识库.首先,分析了地铁工程Near-miss知识的5种来源,并通过对地铁工程事故数据库的分析,得到地铁工程Near-miss知识.然后,从人员身份、机械状态、材料状态、环境状况和相互位置等5个方面对地铁工程Near-miss知识进行框架表示,并根据其特点,研究地铁工程Near-miss知识库的逻辑结构.最后,采用具有成熟管理技术的关系数据库,将Near-miss知识存储于关系数据库表中,实现了知识库和关系数据库的耦合.一个完善的地铁工程Near-miss知识库的构建,将有助于促进地铁施工安全管理能力的提高,减少地铁事故的发生.

Aiming at the present safety problem of metro construction,the concept of Near-miss is introduced,and a Near-miss knowledge base for metro projects is designed.First,five kinds of the sources of Near-miss knowledge are analyzed.The Near-miss knowledge for metro projects is obtained by analyzing the accident database of metro projects.Secondly,the Near-miss knowledge for metro projects is represented based on frame theory from five aspects including staff status,machine condition,material condition,environment situation and mutual situation.According to the characteristics of the Near-miss knowledge,the logical structure of the Near-miss knowledge base is studied.Finally,the relational database with mature management technology is used.The Near-miss knowledge is stored in the relational database,which realizes the coupling of the knowledge base and the relational database.A perfect Near-miss knowledge base for metro projects can help improve the safety management capability of metro construction and avoid metro accidents.