硅硫酸催化直链脂肪酸甲酯的合成研究

Study on synthesis of ethyl acetate catalyzed by silica sulfuric acid

以价廉、易得的氯磺酸、硅胶为原料,经一步反应合成了基于磺酸基官能团的新型固体酸——硅硫酸（SSA）,以其作为催化剂,研究了C2~C16的直链脂肪酸与甲醇的Fischer酯化反应,确定了最佳反应条件：n（酸）∶n（醇）∶n（SSA）=1∶3~4∶0.1,回流分水反应2~5 h。酯产率81.3%~97.2%,SSA经乙醚洗涤、真空干燥即可再生,循环使用5次催化活性仅下降1.5%~5.9%。

Silica sulfuric acid（SSA） was synthesized and characterized using chlorosulfonic acid and silica gel as starting materials via the one-step reaction.Its function as the catalyst in the synthesis of a series of aliphatic acid methyl esters was studied.Under optimum conditions at a ratio of reactants n（acid）∶n（methanol）∶n（silica sulfuric acid）=1∶3～4∶0.1 and a reaction time of 2～5 h,the yield of esters ranged from 81.3% to 97.2%.Silica sulfuric acid can be reused five times without significant loss in catalytic activity.