658例住院患者医院感染现患率调查分析

Prevalence Rate of Nosocomial Infection in 658 Inpatients

目的了解医院感染的横断面情况。方法采用床旁和病历相结合调查方式,填写个案调查表,对全院所有住院患者进行了1d的医院感染情况调查。结果应查例数663例,实查658例,实查率99.25%,发生医院感染12例,15例次,现患率为1.82%,例次感染率为2.28%,消化内科感染率最高,为3.80%,例次感染率为6.33%,其次为呼吸内科,其感染率及例次感染率均为3.16%;医院感染部位构成中呼吸道感染居首位,其中下呼吸道感染率8例次,占53.33%,上呼吸道感染2例次,占13.33%,泌尿道感染2例次,占13.33%,胃肠道、皮肤软组织和表浅切口感染各1例次,各占6.67%;病原菌送检15例次,送检率为100.00%,检出病原菌8株,阳性率为53.33%;住院患者抗菌药物使用385例,使用率为58.51%,其中治疗用药260例,预防用药99例,治疗+预防26例;一联使用350例,二联使用34例,三联使用1例;抗菌药物使用种类以头孢菌素类为最多,占68.57%。结论通过医院感染现患率调查,及时发现医院感染管理中存在的问题,有利于控制和预防医院感染。

OBJECTIVE To understand the cross-section of hospital nosocomial infection.METHODS One-day survey about nosocomial infection was conducted by using the bedside investigation combined with medical records to fill out the personal questionnaire.RESULTS A total of 663 cases should be checked,658 cases were in real research,the real research rate was 99.25%,among which 12 cases occurred the nosocomial infection,the prevalence rate was 1.82%.Case-time infection rate was 2.28%.The highest rate was presented in department of gastroenterology with 3.80%.Case-time infection rate 6.33%.The following was in department of respiratory,both of the infection rate and case-time infection rate were 3.16% Among the infected sites,the respiratory tract ranked the first,8 cases were lower respiratory tract infection,accounting for 53.33%,and 2 cases of upper infection（13.33%）.385 cases used the antibiotics,and the use rate was 58.51%,among which the application for treatment were 260 cases,the use for precaution were 99 cases,while treatment added precaution were 26 cases;350 cases of single application,34 cases of two combination application and 1 case of three combination application;cephalosporin were the most common antibiotics,accounting for 68.57%.CONCLUSION Finding out the problems existed in the NI management in time by conducting the prevalence survey of nosocomial infection will benefit the control and prevention of nosocomial infection.