综合性医院医院获得性肺炎危险因素病例对照研究

Case-control Study of Risk Factors of Hospital Acquired Pneumonia in General Hospital

目的探讨综合性三级甲等医院医院获得性肺炎发病情况及其危险因素。方法随机抽取124例医院获得性肺炎患者作为病例组,以同期入院、同性别、同科室同基础疾病同年龄组的未发生医院感染的患者为对照组,进行1∶1匹配的病例对照研究,采用条件Logistic回归分析。结果该医院医院获得性肺炎发病率2.37%,其独立危险因素为冠心病(OR=25.89)、糖尿病(OR=7.85)、动静脉插管(OR=8.51)及使用抗菌药物(OR=7.45)。结论医院获得性肺炎的发生是多因素影响的结果 ,必须针对重点人群高危因素及相关环节制定有力防治措施。

OBJECTIVE To explore the detail information of incidence and the risk factors of hospital acquired pneumonia. METHODS In the disease surveillance, totally 124 diagnosied patients were set as cases according to the hospital diagnosis standards estabilished by Department of National Medicine Adminstration, and uninfected cases with the same situations （same admittance time to hospital, same gender, same department, same chronic disease which was first diagnosied and same age） as the comparison group, and then the results were analyzed with conditional Logistic Regression. RESULTS The incidence of hospital acquired pneumonia was 2.37%. The independent risk factors of hospital acquired pneumonia lied in coronary heart disease （OR=25. 89）, diabetes mellitus （OR = 7.85）, arterial or.venous cannula （OR = 8.51） and using antibiotics （OR=7.45）. CONCLUSION It suggests that the hospital acquired pneumonia comes from multiple risk factors, so powerful preventive measures must be set down by aiming at high-risk factors and related steps.