3年铜绿假单胞菌的感染分布及耐药性变迁

Distribution of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance Change in Three Years

目的了解2007-2009年铜绿假单胞菌的感染分布和耐药性变迁,为合理应用抗菌药物提供依据。方法采用美国Microscan Autoscan-4微生物分析仪对细菌做鉴定和药敏试验,应用WHONET5.4软件对数据进行统计分析。结果 2007、2008、2009年铜绿假单胞菌分离率分别为10.9%、11.7%、14.5%;3年均以神经外科检出最高,标本分布以痰液为主;该菌对阿米卡星、左氧氟沙星、环丙沙星、哌拉西林、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、头孢他啶、头孢吡肟的耐药率变化不大,差异无统计学意义,对庆大霉素、妥布霉素、亚胺培南的耐药率发生明显改变,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论注重铜绿假单胞菌耐药性变迁的抗菌药物压力和减少该菌感染的危险因素,是有效防止该菌耐药率增高和耐亚胺培南铜绿假单胞菌产生的关键。

OBJECTIVE To understand the distribution of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection and drug resistance change 2007-2009,in order to provide the basis for rational use of antimicrobial agents.METHODS With the United States Microscan Autoscan-4 micro-analyzer the bacterial identification and susceptibility testing were performed,and with the application of WHONET 5.4 software,the statistical data were analyzed.RESULTS The isolation rate of P.aeruginosa in 2007-2009 was 10.9%,11.7% and 14.5%;the department of neurosurgery was the highest,the specimens mainly distributed in the sputum;the resistant rate to amikacin,levofloxacin,ciprofloxacin,piperacillin,piperacillin/tazobactam,ceftazidime and cefepime changed little without statisticae significance,but to gentamicin,tobramycin and imipenem had big change with statistical significance（P0.05）.CONCLUSIONS Emphasis on P.aeruginosa resistance to antibiotics changing and reduction of risk factors for bacteria infection,are effective in decrease in drug-resistant,especially imipenem-resistant P.aeruginosa.