社区获得性与医院获得性儿童肺炎病原菌及耐药分析

Pathogens and Drug Resistance Analysis in Children with Community-acquired and Hospital-acquired pneumonia

目的探讨广西南宁市社区获得性儿童肺炎与医院获得性儿童肺炎的病原菌分布及耐药情况,以指导儿科合理用药。方法对广西南宁市第八人民医院儿科2005年1月-2009年12月收治的205例社区获得性肺炎与58例医院获得性肺炎患儿进行回顾性分析。结果社区获得性肺炎病原菌以革兰阳性菌(52.7%)为主,以肺炎链球菌(23.5%)最常见;医院获得性肺炎以革兰阴性菌为主,大肠埃希菌(36.2%)最常见,产β-内酰胺酶菌明显增多;病原菌耐药率普遍增高,真菌感染所占比率上升较快。结论社区获得性与医院获得性儿童肺炎的病原菌耐药率不断升高,应加强监测,合理使用抗菌药物,减少医院感染。

OBJECTIVE To explore the distribution and the drug resistance of the pathogens that caused the community-acquired pneumonia and hospital-acquired pneumonia in children,so as to guide the rational use of drugs in Department of Pediatrics.METHODS A retrospective analysis of 205 cases of community-acquired and 58 cases of hospital-acquired pneumonia in children hospitalized from Jan 2005 to Dec 2009 were analyzed.RESULTS The major pathogens to cause community-acquired pneumonia were Gram-positive bacteria（52.7%）,Streptococcus pneumoniae（23.5%）were the most common;hospital-acquired pneumonia with Gram-negative bacteria,Escherichia coli（36.2%）were the most common,β-lactamase producing bacteria increased significantly;pathogen resistance rates were generally higher;rapid in the percentage of fungal infection rose rapidly.CONCLUSION The resistance rate of the pathogens that caused the community-acquired and hospital-acquired pneumonia in children gradually goes up,the monitoring and the rational drug application should be strengthened to reduce the nosocomial infection.