刑事案件分案审理程序研究——以关联性为主线

A Research on Criminal Cases' Separate Trial Process

为了防止不当的合并审理所可能造成的侵犯被告人辩护权现象,绝大多数国家和地区对合并与分案审理都作了严密周详的规定。《刑事诉讼法》及其司法解释基本上没有任何规范合并与分案审理的条款,司法实践中大量存在的不当合并审理既严重侵犯了被告人的辩护权,又会滋生以下弊端:庭审流于形式、剥夺了共同被告人的取保候审权,导致了超期羁押、被告人减刑和假释权无法得到保障、影响被告人的上诉权和申诉权、侵犯了被告人的聘请辩护律师权和会见律师权。修改《刑事诉讼法》时,应限定刑事案件关联性的范围,明确规定分案和合并审理的各种法定情形及救济措施。

Most countries and regions spell out the joinder and separated trial in criminal trial to guard against the irrelevant joinder of proceedings which may encroach on the right of defense. There is no expressprovision about joinder and separated trial in the criminal procedure law and judicial interpretations now. Lotsof irrelevant joinders not only encroach on the right of defense but also cause the following problems. The courttrial becomes a mere formality. The co-defendants＇right of obtaining a guarantor pending trial is deprivedand then causes a long-term detention. The defendant＇s right of commutation of punishment and parole cannot be guaranteed,and the right of appeal and petition is affected. The defendant＇s right of appointing or meeting a lawyer can be damaged in a disguised form. When amending the criminal procedure law,we should restrict the scope of relevance in criminal trial and specify the types of joinder or severance.