压力补偿器密封件的有限元分析及实验研究

Experimental Research and Finite Element Analysis of Seals in the Pressure Compensator

活塞式压力补偿器通常采用O型圈密封方式,增加其密封可靠性的同时,往往带来的就是启动摩擦力的显著增加,从而导致放热量的增加、O型圈的磨损、爬行现象等不利结果,这给补偿器密封件的设计带来了困难。为了合理地解决这一矛盾,以有限元法为分析手段,通过对压力补偿器的O型圈建立有限元模型,仿真分析了O型圈截面直径、压缩率这两个最重要的参数对压力补偿器密封性及启动摩擦力的影响,得出结论采用较小的O型圈截面直径,较大的压缩率可以很好地保证在密封可靠的同时,保证相对较小的启动摩擦力,从而达到了优化设计的目的。通过实验验证了仿真的正确性,利用该结论设计的气密采水器的压力补偿器,在海上试验获得成功应用,进一步证明了该设计方法的正确性。

O-ring sealing is generally applied in the design of the pressure compensators.We try to enhance the reliability of the sealing performances,while the start friction increases significantly.And it results in a lot of problems such as heat release increasing,O-ring worn out,and crawl phenomenon,which bring difficulties for designing the compensator.In order to solve this problem,we set up a FE model of O-Ring,and simulate and analyze some parameters having the influences on the sealing performances and the start friction in pressure compensator,such as diameter and compression rate of the O-Ring.And we come to the conclusion that the O-ring of small section diameter and big compressive rate in the compensator can assure the high sealing reliability with a comparative small start friction,which is demonstrated by the experiments in the laboratory.And the pressure compensator in the gas-tight sampler designed with the conclusion was successfully applied in the sea trial.