播种量与氮肥运筹方式对直播早稻生物学特性和产量的影响

The Influence of Different Seeding Rate and Nitrogen Application on Yield and Biological Characteristics of Direct Seeding Early Rice

以杂交早稻两优287为材料,研究了直播早稻播种量、氮肥运筹方式与产量及其构成因素的关系。结果表明,在相同分蘖肥施用比例下,随着氮基肥比例的提高,最高分蘖数也提高;在同等氮基肥比例下,随着氮肥施用量的后移,最高分蘖数呈下降趋势。在相同播种量下,随着氮肥的后移、基施氮肥比例的降低,成穗率有提高的趋势。在相同氮肥运筹方式下,随着播种量的增加而成穗率呈降低的趋势。同时,不同氮肥运筹方式和播种量处理对直播早稻成熟期叶片SPAD值产生了明显的影响。两优287在30～45kg/hm2播种量、基蘖穗的氮肥比例为50∶30∶20时,直播早稻的产量最高。

Hybrid early rice Liangyou 287 was used to study the relationship among the seeding rate,nitrogen application, yield and yield components of direct seeding early rice.The results showed that at the same proportion of tillering fertilizer, the maximum number of tillers increased with the increase of the proportion of nitrogen base fertilizer.At the same proportion of nitrogen base fertilizer,the maximum number of tillers decreased as nitrogen fertilizer application delayed.At the same seeding rate,spike rate increased when nitrogen fertilizer application delayed and the proportion of nitrogen base fertilizer decreased.At the same nitrogen application,spike rate decreased as the increase of seeding rate.Different nitrogen application and seeding rates had a significant impact on rice leaf SPAD value at mature stage.Liangyou 287 had the highest yield at the seeding rate of 30～45 kg/hm2 and nitrogen ratio of 50∶30∶20 for base,tillering stage and panicle stage.