鞍钢宪法的批判与解放意蕴

The Critical and Emancipation Implications of Anshan Steel Factory Management Constitution

鞍钢宪法是新中国对中国特色企业管理的一种探索,其核心内涵是两参一改三结合。鞍钢宪法在以下方面对马钢宪法提出了批判:技术表演竞赛是一种混杂了泰罗主义、后泰罗主义以及自我泰罗化的管理制度;一条龙协作赛具备自组织管理的雏形;技术研究小组具备团队生产的萌芽形态;职工代表大会制度则是代议制民主在企业管理中的一种体现。鞍钢宪法的解放意蕴包括:技术表演赛和三结合小组通过个人与团体的持续创新,打破了僵化的理性主义的束缚;干部参加劳动、工人参加管理,工人、干部、技术人员三结合则打破了管理的三大主体之间对立情绪和紧张关系的束缚;一条龙协作赛则打破了部门边界的束缚;职工代表大会则增加了工人决策自主权以及决策的执行力度。鞍钢宪法是对劳动分工、责任分割、等级化控制等西方主流管理理论中片面弘扬工具理性导致人性在生产中的异化问题的批判和超越,这些批判与解放意蕴正是其不同于其他管理模式的独到之处,也是构建中国特色企业管理理论的重要思想资源。

Anshan Steel Factory management constitution is the creation of The People＇s Republic of China. It critique the Soviet Russia Steel Factory management constitution in several ways： Technology race and technology show race are the integration of Taylorism, post-Taylorism and self-Taylorize, the synergy race between different divisions is one kind of self-organization management, technology research group is one kind of group production, and the worker representative congress is one kind of representative democracy in business management. Anshan Steel Factory management constitution also has the emancipation potential： Both technology show race and technology research group emphasize the innovation, from which the rigid rationism in the management can be broken up. The cooperation among managers, workers and engineers result in a harmony atmosphere. The participation management empower worker, and the harmonic relationship among the workers, managers and the engineers makes the decision made by the two latter can be better executed with less resistance. What is more, these critical and emancipative implications which are different from other management modes supply import cultural resources to construct enterprise management theory of Chinese pattern.