儿童关于意图的二级心理状态的理解与归于权威人物的道德评价

Children's Understanding of Second-order Mental States About Intention and Their Attributions of Moral Evaluation of an Authority Character

用设置故事情境的方法研究了儿童关于意图的二级心理状态的理解与归于权威人物的道德评价的关系,结果表明:儿童关于意图的二级心理状态的理解影响儿童归于权威人物老师的道德评价,且存在年龄差异。5岁儿童已经能够认识到老师是否知道行为者的行为意图影响老师对行为者行为的道德评价,但5岁儿童的认识尚不够深刻,随着儿童年龄的增长,这种认识渐趋稳定成熟。权威人物的道德评价影响儿童关于意图的二级心理状态的理解,这种理解同时受到行为者行为结果的影响且存在年龄差异。

By presenting stories,this research investigated the relation between children＇s understanding of second - order mental states about intention and their attributions of moral evaluation of an authority character.The results indicated that children＇ s understanding of second-order mental states about intention affected their attribution of moral evaluation of an authority character（e. g.,teacher）,and the age difference was significant.5-year-old children could already realized that whether the teacher knew the actor＇s intention underlying an action influenced their moral evaluation of an action,but their cognition was not profound enough,and this cognitive ability became glowingly mature with children＇s increase of age.Besides,the moral evaluation of an authority character influenced children＇s understanding of second-order mental states about intention,and this understanding was influenced by the actor＇ s action result,and the age difference was significant.