关帝山森林景观异质性及其动态的研究

Forest landscape heterogeneity and its dynamics of Guandishan Mountain.

以４期航片为基础资料，在ＡＲＣ／ＩＮＦＯ支持下，应用地理信息系统（ＧＩＳ）技术，通过景观要素优势度指数、景观多样性指数、景观斑块密度、景观边缘密度、景观镶嵌度指数和景观聚集度指数５类指标，对关帝山林区５０年代末以来的景观异质性及其动态特征进行了全面分析，并介绍了各指标的数据来源和计算方法，分析了各指标的实用性．在ＧＩＳ支持下，上述各指标可以从不同侧面描述和反映景观异质结构特征，用于景观异质性动态变化规律的研究．研究表明，自５０年代末以来，关帝山森林景观受环境异质性、植被自然演替和人为活动的共同控制，总体异质性发生了很大变化，３个时期表现出不同的动态特征．

Based on aerial images of four periods,the GIS technique supported by ARC/INFO software was used to analyze the forest landscape heterogeneity and its dynamics of Guandishan Mountain forested area since the end of 1950s,by selecting Landscape Element Dominance Index(LEDI), Landscape Diversity Index(LDI),Landscape Patch Density(LPD),Landscape Edge Density(LED),Landscape Patchness Index(LPI) and Landscape Contagion Index(LCI) as six indexes.Methods for data treatment and calculation were introduced, and the applicability of these indexes was analyzed. On the support of GIS technique,the above mentioned indexes could reveal and describe the structural characteristics of landscape heterogeneity from different aspects,which was useful to study the dynamic process of landscape heterogeneity.The results show that since the end of 1950's,the forest landscape in studied area was controlled by the combination of environmental heterogeneity,natural vegetation succession and human's activities,and the whole landscape heterogeneity changed significantly with different dynamic characteristics in three periods.The basic patterns and regulation factors of dynamic changes of forest landscape heterogeneity in secondary forest area with frequent human's activities were also discussed.