彩色豆马勃子实体的化感作用及其化感物质的分离鉴定

Allelopathy of Pisolithus tinctorius fruitbodies and isolation and identification of allelochemicals.

彩色豆马勃能与松树、桉树形成外生菌根，研究其次生代谢产物对植物的影响具有重要意义．用水、乙醇和丙酮抽提彩色豆马勃的子实体，发现这些抽提物对稗草和水稻幼苗生长有极显著的抑制作用．丙酮抽提物对狼尾草和油菜幼苗生长有抑制作用．子实体的丙酮抽提物用硅胶柱色谱分离得到２个纯化合物，可鉴定为豆马勃内酯（Ｐｉｓｏｌａｃｔｏｎｅ）和麦角甾醇．该２个化合物在４００μｇ·ｍｌ－１浓度下均显著抑制稗草幼苗根生长．

Pisolithus tinctorius can form ectomycorrhizae with pine and eucalyptus. The aqueous,ethanol and acetone extracts from its fruitbodies significantly inhibited the seedling growth of Echinochloa crusgalli and Oryza sativa, and acetone extract at concentration of 0.0125g·ml -1 inhibited the seedling growth of Pennisetum alopecuroides and Brassica campastris . Two pure compounds were isolated from the fruitbodies of P.tinctorius by silica gel column chromatography, and were identified as pisolactone and ergosterol. Ergosterol significantly inhibited the root growth of E.crusgalli seedlings at concentration of 400μg·ml -1 ,and pisolactone could do it at concentration of 100μg·ml -1 .