电子束辐照对嗜虫书虱存活与繁殖力的影响

Irradiation effect of electron beam on the survival rate and reproduction for Liposcelis entomophila

采用电子加速器产生电子束辐照处理嗜虫书虱Liposcelis entomophila(Enderlein),分别以0、50、100、200、300、400、500、1000Gy的剂量处理成虫和若虫,观察受辐照后的存活情况和成虫的繁殖情况;以0、25、50、100、200、300、400、500Gy的剂量辐照卵,观察受辐照后卵的孵化情况。结果表明:经50Gy及以上剂量辐照后嗜虫书虱的卵不能孵化,也不能存活;在300Gy及其以上剂量经过不到8周的时间后成虫和若虫都不能存活,且在300、400、500、1000Gy的剂量范围内,嗜虫书虱成虫和若虫受辐照后的剂量越大,存活率降低幅度越大。嗜虫书虱各虫态对电子束辐照的敏感性由高至低依次为卵、若虫、成虫;经300Gy辐照后的成虫和若虫分别在8周和6周内完全死亡,300Gy的剂量可作为电子束有效防治嗜虫书虱的参考剂量。所有50Gy以上剂量下都可明显降低此种害虫的繁殖力,300Gy以上剂量的处理可导致试虫零产卵。

The effects of irradiation with an electronic beam from a high frequency accelerator,ИЛУ-6М2,on three developmental stages of Liposcelis entomophila（Enderlein） were measured at doses of 0,25,50,100,200,300,400,500,1 000 Gy for adults and nymphs,and that of 0,25,50,100,200,300,400,500 Gy for eggs.The results indicate that the egg stage was most sensitive to irradiation;eggs exposed to a dose of 50 Gy had zero hatching and survival.Adults were the most tolerant to irradiation;their survival rates being negatively correlated with increasing dosages（300,400,500,1 000 Gy）.Complete mortality of adults and nymphs irradiated by 300 Gy could be observed eight and six weeks after treatment,respectively.Therefore,a dosage of 300 Gy is recommended for effective psocid control.Doses of 50,100,200,300,400 and 500 Gy can heavily suppress reproduction in this insect.There should no reproduction following irradiation at doses above 300 Gy.