孕晚期营养对新生儿出生体重的影响

The influence of pregnant women's nutritional status on the newborn birth weight

目的探讨合肥地区部分孕妇的膳食营养状况,调查孕晚期孕妇膳食营养素摄入状况和新生儿体重的关系,探讨改进孕妇膳食营养状况、预防出生巨大儿和低出生体重儿的措施。方法选取有一定代表性的调查点,抽取到调查点住院待产的孕晚期孕妇共764例作为研究对象,在产前和产后对孕妇和新生儿进行追踪调查。结果调查结果发现,孕晚期总能量、蛋白质、脂肪、VitPP、P、Zn等的摄入量与新生儿的出生体重呈正比关系。正常体重儿组的热能、蛋白质、Zn的摄入量比较适中。结论通过正常体重儿组与低体重儿组和巨大儿组的每日膳食总能量及各营养素摄入量的比较,发现新生儿体重与孕晚期的膳食营养素,尤其是热能、蛋白质和脂肪的摄入量关系密切。故为使胎儿发育正常、体重适中,应加强对孕妇的营养指导,强调合理、均衡的孕期膳食。

Objective To explore some pregnant women＇s nutritional status in Hefei city,to investigate the relationship between pregnant women＇s dietary intake and neonatals＇body weight and to find ways to prevent large infants and low birth weight infants＇birth rate. Methods We selected a representative hospital as a survey point,chose 764 pregnant women who were the third trimester,then did a follow-up investigation in the prenatal and postnatal periods for pregnant women and newborns. Results These findings indicated that the intake of total energy,protein,fat,VitPP,P and Zn etc in the third trimester had a positive correlation with newborns＇birth weight. Intake of energy,protein and Zn was relatively modest in the normal birth weight group. Conclusion Through a comparison of normal birth weight group and macrosomia group＇s daily dietary intake with various kinds of nutrients,we find that there is a close relationship between birth weight and the third trimester＇s dietary nutrients,especially energy,protein and fat＇s intake. Therefore,in order to have a normal weight infant,we shall strengthen the pregnant women＇s diet guidance,emphasize a reasonable and balanced pregnancy diet.