超干红花种子抗老化作用及其机理

Effect of Aging resistance of Ultradried Safflower Seeds and Its Machanism

红花种子含水量（ＭＣ） 降至５ ％ 以下，能显著提高抗老化劣变能力；在同等老化条件下，对照种子（ ＭＣ＝ ９ ．０１ ％ ） 活力已大幅度下降，而超干种子（ＭＣ＝ ４ ．８４ ％ ～１ ．８８ ％ ）的活力保持不变。超干处理对红花种子脱氢酶、过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ） 及超氧物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ） 活性均无明显影响。经同等老化处理后，超干种子脱氢酶活性明显高于对照种子。在同等老化条件下，当对照种子ＣＡＴ 和ＳＯＤ 活性明显下降时，超干种子仍保持较高活性。红花种子在超干老化处理后，其胚中自由基水平相对地升高，超干种子经吸胀萌发前的回水处理，可使因老化导致的过多自由基及时得到清除，从而保证了超干种子能正常进入萌发状态。

Experiments were conducted with safflower seeds rich in linoleic acid. Seed viability, seed vigor, aging tolerance, morphological integrity of cells, lipid peroxidation and free radical levels in ultradried seeds were determined. The results showed that (1) Ultradrying treatment was not injurious to safflower seeds, it did not induce any significant change either in germination rate or seed vigor. Furthermore, our experimental data indicated that ultradried seeds became more tolerant under aging accelerating treatment (Figs.1～3). (2) During ultradrying of safflower seeds,their content of free radicals increased,but decreased on rehydration before germination,which had a scavenging action (Table 1; Figs. 6,7). (3) The active oxygen scavenging system retained its capability during storage in an ultradry state (Table 2; Figs.4, 8).