俄罗斯历史中的东西方之惑

"East—West"Dilemma in Russian History

俄罗斯千余年的历史可以概括为三段西学史。而其每次西学都大体经历"学习模仿—民族自觉—超越—对立"的过程。在这个过程中,俄罗斯的民族自觉意识不断要求历史哲学对俄罗斯与西方历史形成的亲缘关系作出反思,要求在相似之中明确差异,以确立俄罗斯文化的独特性。研究俄罗斯西学的过程,剖析俄罗斯东西方问题的实质,不仅有助于准确地把握俄罗斯历史发展的轨迹,而且有助于对俄罗斯的发展前景作出展望。

During a thousand years＇ history Russia three times was choosing the West as its teacher.And every time Russia＇s apprenticeships from the West,beginning with imitation,contributed to the development of national consciousness,and was ending with negotiation and confrontation of Russia with its western teacher.National consciousness was constantly demanding from the Russian philosophy of history to reflect its historical affinity with the West,to define their differences among the many similaritiesthey posses,and thus establish the identity of Russian culture.The study of the history of Russia＇s apprenticeship from the West and the analysis of the nature of the ＂East-West＂ dilemma in the Russian idea will help us to identify some patterns of Russian history and will also allow us to predict the future development of Russia.