拓扑优化及其在自动武器减重设计中的应用

Topological Optimization Method and Its Application in Lightweight Design of Automatic Weapons

目前手持自动武器的减重设计多采用基于经验的结构修改法,盲目性大,费时费力。引入结构拓扑优化方法,解决自动武器零部件减重设计问题。采用有限元法与变密度法,给出了优化方法和步骤。以结构质量为目标函数,建立了某自动武器超重部件枪尾的优化模型,进行了结构拓扑优化。通过枪尾三维实体模型的重建,对比分析了优化前、后枪尾的强度特性。运用有限元法对自动武器零部件进行拓扑优化设计是一种自动武器减重设计的有效方法。

Currently the lightweight designs of hand-held automatic weapons generally made use of structure modifying method based on experience,this method was one method that had larger blindness,time-consuming and needed to use great effort.The topological optimization method was used to solve the lightweight design problems of components and parts in automatic weapons.The finite element analysis （FEA） and the variable density methods were used.The optimization method and process were presented.Taking structure weight as objective function,the optimization model of overweight breech of a type of automatic weapon was established,and its structure topological optimization was performed.By means of rebuilt of the 3D actual model of the breech,the strength characteristics of the breech before and after optimization were compared and analysed.By use of FEA method,the results showed that topological optimization design of components in automatic weapons is an effective method to reduce the weight.