大口径火炮弹药自动装填系统研发现状和趋势

Current Situation and Development Trend of Autoloader in Large Caliber Howitzer

近年来最新装备或最新研究的大口径火炮都配备了先进的弹药自动装填系统。通过分析美国、德国、瑞典等6个国家的弹药自动装填系统,介绍了不同装填系统在结构形式、弹药仓布局、工作流程和射速方面的情况。当前弹药自动装填系统研发的主要特点是设计与火炮总体相关、多学科融合、注重机构创新和强调射速。弹药装填自动化程度提高的同时也使其系统更加复杂。自动装填系统的研究面临着可靠性低、药装填未全自动、射速仍需提高等问题。弹药自动装填系统已成为大口径火炮的重要组成部分,其研发趋势是信息化、模块化、提高射速和可靠性等。

In recent years,all of the latest large caliber howitzers in service or in development were equipped with advanced ammunition autoloader.By means of analyzing the ammunition autoloaders of six countries,including the United States,Germany,Sweden and so on,the information of them in aspects of structure,ammunition warehouse layout,work flow and firing rate were introduced.The main cha-racteristic of the autoloader in research and development is that the autoloader design was associated with the overall design of howitzer,multi-subjects fusion,emphasis on the creative design of mechanism and firing rate.The autoloader becomes much more complex along with the improved degree of automation of ammunition loading.The problem confronted with autoloader study is low reliability,non-automation of propellant loading and improvement of loading speed. The autoloader has become an important part of large caliber howitzer.Trend of autoloader of large caliber howitzer in research and development is informatization,modularization,improvement of the loading speed and reliability and so on.