明清之际耶稣会士翻译活动、翻译观与翻译策略刍议

A Tentative Study on the Characteristics,Theories and Strategies of the Jesuits' Translation between late Ming and early Qing Dynasty

明清之际的200余年是中国历史上的第二个翻译高潮,也是第一个科学翻译高潮。遵循适应性传教路线,来华耶稣会士纷纷投入到了"西学东渐"和"中学西传"译介活动之中。他们以及与其合作的一些中国士大夫虽然未能建立系统的翻译方法和理论,但是开创了"洋译华述"的翻译模式,而且还通过大量的翻译实践活动,对翻译观和翻译策略进行了初步探索,其翻译策略尝试了目的论翻译法,至今不失其借鉴意义。本文在全方位总结耶稣会士翻译活动的基础上就他们的翻译活动特点、翻译观和翻译策略及其现代意义进行了述评。

The two centuries between late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty marks not only China＇s second translation pinnacle but the first culmination of scientific translation as well.Following the principle of cultural accommodation,the Jesuits in China enlisted the help of some Chinese scholars to get fully involved in the translation of western science and technology into Chinese and vice versa,giving rise to a unique mode of translating by foreigners and recording by Chinese.They also made an impact on China＇s translation of later days with their immature translation concept,translation theories and translation strategies which sheds light on the earliest application of the Skops theory.The article makes an overall account of the above issues as well as the implications on the basis of a detailed summary of their translation practices.