老年血液透析临床特点分析

CLINICAL FEATURES ANALYSIS OF ELDERLY PATIENTS UNDER HEMODIALYSIS

目的：研究老年血液透析治疗的临床特点，探讨如何提高老年血透患者的生存率和生活质量；方法：对比分析３２例老年（＞６０岁）和３０例非老年（＜６０岁）慢性肾功能衰竭患者采用血液透析治疗的临床资料；结果：原发病以慢性肾炎常见，但较对照组明显减少（Ｐ＜０．０１），而继发性肾损害，糖尿病肾病、高血压肾动脉硬化多于对照组，心血管疾病及感染是老年透析患者的主要并发症和死亡因素，老年心血管并发症发生率较对照组明显增高（Ｐ＜０．０５），营养不良是预后不良的征兆；结论：早期充分透析，改善营养，预防感染对提高老年血透患者的生存率和生活质量是必要的。

Objective: To increase the surival rate and life quality in elderly patients received hemodialysis ,the clinical features of elderly patients under hemodialsis were studied.Methods: The clinical data in the elderly patients over 60 years (32 case) and the non elderly patients under 60 years (30 cases) with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis were comparatively analyzed.Results: Chronic glomerulonephritis were common primary diseases.But the cases in elderly group significantly decreased in comparison with control group (p<0.01).The cases of diabetic nephropathy and arteriolar nephrosclerosis due to hypertension were more than that in the control group.Cardiovascular disorders and infections were the main complications and causes of death in elderly patients.The incidence of cardiovascular complications was higher in the elderly group those in the control group (p<0.05).Malnutrition is a sign of bad prognosis.Conclusions:It is necessary to undertake sufficient and efficient dialsis,to improve the nutritional state and prevent infection for increasing the survival rate and life quality of the elderly patients undergoing hemodialysis.