从起源与发展看行业协会的行为逻辑

The Behavioral Logic of Trade Associations from the Perspective of Their Origin and Development

近年来,随着政府职能转变的深入,行业协会日益引起学界和政府部门的关注。本文探究行业协会组织的起源与发展轨迹,分析行业协会产生和存在的行为逻辑,意在回归行业协会的本质,以期对我国行业协会的转型方向和相关引导政策的设计提供理论借鉴。本文认为,行业协会是为行业内成员提供公共服务的组织,应靠为会员提供服务而非行政垄断获得存在基础;行业协会只有对内的公益性,对外存在潜在的负效应,是政府对行业协会进行监管的理论基础;行业协会是一个自治的实体,政府不应干预其具体操作和内部运行;应尽快为行业协会立法,为行业协会的健康发展提供制度环境。

In recent years,with in-depth transformation of the government role,trade associations have drawn attention from scholars and government departments.This article explores the origin and development trajectory of a trade association and analyzes the behavioral logic of the emergence and existence of industry associations.The intention is to return to the nature of trade associations and provide reference for the policy direction concerning transformation of China＇s trade association.This paper argues that the trade association is an organization providing public services for its members.It attains its existing foundation from the provision of services for their members rather than administrative monopoly.Internally the trade association seeks no profit.Externally it may have a negative effect,which forms the theoretical basis of government regulation.As the trade association is an autonomous entity,the government should not intervene in its operations.An early legislation for the trade association is necessary to provide a healthy institutional environment for its development.