空巢老人对社区就医状况的满意度评价及其影响因素的质性研究

Qualitative Research on Satisfaction of Empty-Nest Elders with the Community Medical Care and Its Influencing Factors

目的探讨空巢老人对目前社区就医状况的满意度及其影响因素,为满足空巢老人社区就医需求提供参考。方法采用定性研究方法,以半结构式的开放性访谈问卷对25位城市社区空巢老人进行个体化的深入访谈,使用内容分析法分析资料。结果多数空巢老人首选到社区卫生服务机构就医,就医目的主要是常规取药和常见疾病的诊治。空巢老人对社区就医满意方面的评价包括社区机构距离近,就医程序简单,可以出诊和随访,对社区医护人员比较信任;不满意方面的评价包括社区机构硬件条件的欠缺和软件服务质量有待提高。影响老人到社区机构就医的因素有便捷性、信任度、疾病种类及对社区机构的了解程度。结论空巢老人愿意接受社区卫生服务,对社区就医现状基本满意,希望今后积极发展社区卫生服务,加强社区机构软硬件建设,为空巢老人看病就医提供便捷。

Objective To explore views of empty-nest elders toward current community medical care and influencing factors,in order to provide information for meeting their community medical needs.Methods The qualitative research design with face-to-face in-depth interview individually was adopted to collect data.A semi-structured interview guide was carried out with a convenience sample of 25 empty nest elders in urban community in Beijing.A qualitative content analysis was used to identify themes within the data.Results Majority of empty-nest elders preferred to choose community medical health care.The main purposes of visiting were for taking drugs and diagnosis and treatment of common diseases.The satisfied aspects were convenient location,simple and clear medical procedures,available house call and follow-up,and trust in community medical stuff;the unsatisfied aspects were lack of medical facilities and high quality of health care.The factors of influencing their choice community medical care were the convenience,trust,types of disease and understanding of community hospitals.Conclusion The empty-nest elders accept community health services and are basically satisfied with the community medical care.They hope to develop community health services actively,strengthen the construction of community hospital software and hardware and provide convenient medical care for them.