月经周期子宫内膜凋亡与Bc1-2、Fas及Fas-L基因表达产物的相关研究

Study on association between apoptosis of endometrial cells and Bc1 2,Fas,Fas L expressions during menstrual cycle

为探讨子宫内膜凋亡与某些相关基因表达产物的关系，应用免疫组化方法对４６份正常子宫内膜标本Ｂｃ１－２、Ｆａｓ及Ｆａｓ－Ｌ基因表达产物进行检测，并应用ＴＵＮＥＬ法对其中１３份标本同时进行凋亡检测。结果表明：分泌晚期及月经期凋亡细胞较多，血内雌二醇、孕酮水平低下；Ｂｃ１－２蛋白在增殖晚期含量高、分泌期低落、月经期消失；Ｆａｓ则在分泌期及月经期略高于增殖期，而Ｆａｓ－Ｌ表达产物低下。结论：子宫内膜的凋亡呈现周期性改变，与Ｂｃ１－２、Ｆａｓ表达相关，并受雌、孕激素显著调节，提示凋亡与月经期内膜脱落相关。

Objective: To investigate the association between cycling endometrial cell apoptosis and expression of regulatory genes. Methods: Human endometrial tissues were obtained from 46 patients (25～45 years old),with normal menstruation, undergoing hysterectomy and endometrial curettage.The menstrual history,endometrial histological features and serum estradiol,progesterone levels were used to determine phases of menstrual cycle.Apoptotic cells were detected by TUNEL method. Bc1 2, Fas, Fas L antigens were examined by immunohistochemistry method. Results: Apoptotic cells appeared as scattered grandular in late secretory phase, especially in endometrium accompanied with low serum estradiol and progesterone concentrations.The staining of Bc1 2 protein in cytoplasm of glandular cells was mainly seen in proliferative phase with its peak in late proliferative phase.It rarely appeared in secretory phase,and absent during menstruation. Fas and Fas L antigens were also present in glandular cells.The relatively deeper staining of Fas protein was seen in secretory and menstrual phase than that in proliferative phase, but the amount of Fas L antigen was low and irregular in endometrium. Conclusion: Apoptosis of endometrial cells is a cyclic event,controled by estradiol and progesterone,which is also closely correlated with expression of Bc1 2 and Fas especially during menstruation.