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瑞芬太尼联合曲马多用于全麻苏醒期清醒拔管

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摘要 目的:观察和比较全身麻醉下腹腔镜手术术毕单独应用瑞芬太尼或瑞芬太尼联合应用曲马多能否在清醒无痛情况下拔管.方法:选取择期行腹腔镜下胆囊切除手术患者80例,美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)分级Ⅰ~Ⅱ级,随机分为4组(n=15).Ⅰ组,术毕停用瑞芬太尼;Ⅱ组,术毕瑞芬太尼减量至0.05μg/(kg·min),拔管后即停药;Ⅲ组术毕前30min静注曲马多2mg/kg,瑞芬太尼术毕即停药;Ⅳ组术毕前30min静注曲马多2mg/kg,术毕瑞芬太尼减量至0.05μg/(kg·min),拔管后即停药.观察记录患者苏醒期有无呛咳、躁动,呼唤睁眼时间、拔管时间;术毕、拔管即刻、拔管后5、10min血压(BP)、心率(HR),拔管后5、10min疼痛评分采用语言评价量表(VRS).结果:Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组患者呛咳发生率均明显低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),睁眼时间和拔管时间均比Ⅰ组稍延长(P<0.05).Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组拔管即刻、拔管后5min BP和HR均低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05或P<0.01),Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组在拔管后10min BP和HR仍低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05或P<0.01),Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组患者各时间点的BP、HR无明显差异(P>0.05).Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组拔管后5min VRS评分均低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05).Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组拔管后10min VRS评分低于Ⅰ组或Ⅱ组(P<0.05或P<0.01).结论: 瑞芬太尼持续泵注或曲马多单独应用均可降低全麻苏醒期的不良反应;二者联合应用可在患者清醒、无痛条件下安全拔管.
作者 罗芬 左彦
出处 《医学信息(下旬刊)》 2010年第10期59-60,共2页 Medical information
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