企业合作创新与组织层次的融合:基于界面管理的思考

The Integration of Cooperative Innovation and Organizational Levels Based on Interface Management Theory

合作创新是一种突破企业边界的外部技术协同活动,它涉及到一系列多层面主体在平行层次和跨层次的复杂交互活动。界面管理理论是研究这一问题的有效工具,它指导了如何在多主体间有效地协调和解决交互矛盾,最终提高界面目标实现的有效性。本文运用界面管理思想构建了一个企业合作创新的界面层次分析框架,将合作创新管理的关键定位于界面管理。合作创新包含两类界面横向界面和纵向界面。其中,横向界面是指伙伴企业平行层次的对等主体间的交互作用,包括企业间组织层界面、项目团队层界面和个体层界面;纵向界面则是指伙伴企业间垂直层次的、有行政隶属关系的不对等主体间的交互作用,包括项目团队与组织间的界面、个体与项目团队间的界面。这些界面的运行过程和特点表现了跨组织活动的运作机理,而对这些界面进行恰当有效地管理则直接决定企业合作创新的成果。

Cooperative innovation is an outside cooperation technical activity breaking through traditional enterprise borders, which refers to the interactive activities of some-levels subjects in the parallel and the cross-layer level. The theory of interface management is an effective tool to solving interactive activities of several subjects. For this reason, this paper applies interface management to build a new analytical framework aiming at activities of levels in the process of cooperative innovation, which includes two interfaces, transverse interface and longitudinal interface. Transverse interface means the interactive action of the equal subjects of the partners in parallel level, ineluding the organizational interface between enterprises, the project-level interface and the individual interface. Longitudinal interface means the interactive action of the unequal subjects of the partners in cross-layer level, inclu~ ding the interface between projects and enterprises and the interface between individuals and projects. The work of these interfaces indicates the mechanism of action within cross-organization activities, at the same time, the appropriate and the effective management of these interfaces directly determines the result of cooperative innovation among enterprises.