三峡水库蓄水期长江中下游水文情势变化及对策

Water regime variation of the middle and low reaches of Yangtze River during the water storage period of Three Gorges Reservoir and its countermeasures

三峡工程于2009年8月通过正常蓄水(175m水位)验收,标志着三峡工程将进入正常运行阶段,全面发挥防洪、发电和航运等综合效益。三峡水库正常蓄水运行后,将改变长江中下游水文情势,水文情势的变化也将带来一定的次生影响。结合三峡水库2009年试验性蓄水情况,分析了三峡水库蓄水期长江中下游出现异常低水位的成因,初步揭示了三峡水库正常运行后长江中下游水文情势的变化规律,并对降低三峡蓄水对中下游的影响等相关对策问题进行了初步探讨。

Three Gorges Reservoir passed the test of normal water storage in August 2009 at the water level of 175meter,which indicates that Three Gorges Reservoir enters the stage of normal operation to fulfill the comprehensive benefit of flood control,power generation and ship transportation.After the operation with normal water storage of Three Gorges Reservoir,the water regime of the middle and low reaches of Yangtze River changes,which would bring some secondary effects.Combining with the testing water storage condition of Three Gorges Reservoir in 2009,it analyzes the reason of extreme low water level of the middle and low reaches of Yangtze River during the water storage period of Three Gorges Reservoir,and reveals the water regime variation rules of the middle and low reaches of Yangtze River after the normal operation of Three Gorges Reservoir.It also preliminarily discusses the countermeasures to reduce the effect of Three Gorges Reservoir to the middle and low reaches of Yangtze River.