中国水稻栽培理论与技术发展的回顾与展望

Retrospect and Prospect for the Development of Theory and Technology of Rice Cultivation in China

水稻是我国最主要的粮食作物。在过去50多年里,我国水稻生产得到了巨大发展,单产由不足2t/hm2增加到6t/hm2以上,在保证人民生活需要、促进我国经济建设等方面发挥了重要作用。栽培理论与技术的进步对此作出了重要贡献。本文简要介绍了近50年来对我国水稻生产发展具有重要影响的10个栽培理论和技术,讨论了当前和今后作物栽培理论与技术研究的热点与深入研究的问题。

Rice is one of the most important staple food crops in China. Rice production has been greatly improved in China in the past 50 years, as evidenced by the increase in grain yield from less than 2t/hm^2 50 years ago to more than 6t/hm^2 at present, which plays an important role in food security and promoting economic development. Progress in cultivation theory and technology has made great contribution to the development of rice production. This paper briefly introduced the 10 rice cultivation theories and techniques that have had great effects on rice production in China, and discussed the hotspots and further researches in rice cultivation currently and future perspectives.