长江口北支湿地鸟类多样性研究——鸟类物种多样性研究

Bird Diversity in the Estuary Wetland of North Branch of Yangtze River——Species Diversity of Birds

通过对长江口北支湿地鸟类资源的野外实地调查,共记录到鸟类16目41科216种。鸟类以水鸟为主,其中鸻鹬类、雁鸭类、鹭类、鸥类为水鸟的优势类群,鸻鹬类在种类、数量上最多;以非繁殖鸟(冬候鸟和旅鸟)为主;东洋界种占绝对优势,其次为广布种,古北界种所占比例最小;濒危和珍稀鸟类种类较多,数量较少,且以水鸟为主,湿地生境是其主要生境。鸟类的G指数为4.38,F指数为23.03,G-F指数为0.81,与黄河三角洲湿地和闽江河口湿地相比,长江口北支湿地鸟类的科间多样性和属间多样性均较高。

Based on field investigations on birds in the estuary wetland of north branch of Yangtze River,there are 216 species,41 families and 16 orders of birds.Most species are waterfowls,in which waders,geese and ducks,umbrette and gull are the main bird community types.Wader is the largest in both the number of species and the size of population.Non breeding birds（winter migrating and travelling birds） are the majority.Prominent species are Oriental species,followed by cosmopolitan species,and palaearctic species only accounts for a small proportion.There are more species of rare and endangered birds,but less in quantities of each species.Most of these rare and endangered birds are waterfowls,and wetland is their primary habitat.The G-index of birds in North branch of Yangtze estuary wetland is 4.38,F-index is 23.03,and G-F index is 0.81.Inter-families and inter-species diversities of birds in the estuary wetland of north branch of Yangtze River are higher than in Yellow River delta wetland and the estuary wetland of Min River.