江苏省老年人跌倒发生情况及危险因素分析

Analysis of falls and risk factors among older residents in Jiangsu Province

目的探讨江苏省老年人跌倒的流行病学特征及危险因素,为制定相应的干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法,以问卷方式调查江苏省老年人过去1年跌倒发生情况。结果共调查6 245人,跌倒发生率为2.79%。家庭是老年人跌倒的好发地点。随着年龄的增长,跌倒发生率增高。单因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄高、生活在农村、丧偶、文化程度低、家庭经济状况较差、住房类型为楼房、体育锻炼较少、行走能力较差为老年人跌倒的危险因素。结论老年人跌倒是一个严重的公共卫生问题,与许多因素相关,对于高危人群应该采取一系列针对性的预防措施。

Objective To get the epidemiological characteristics of elderly falls among residents in Jiangsu Province,to explore relative factors and to provide guide for elderly falls prevention and intervention.Methods Subjects were chosen using multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method in Jiangsu Province.Questionnaires were used to survey the epidemic of falls among elderly in the previous one year.Results A total of 6 245 elderly participated in the study.The incidence rate of falls among them was 2.79%.In rural or urban areas,the home was the most common place where falls frequently occurred.The incidence rate of falls increased with age.The risk factors of falls include advanced age,low education level,widowed,poor economic conditions,living in storied houses,living in rural areas,rarely participate in physical activity and poor walking ability.Conclusions Falls is a significant public health problem facing elder in Jiangsu Province.The high-risk populations should be taken a series of targeted preventive measures.