儿童步行安全健康教育干预效果评估

Studies of health education results related to safe walk among child

目的探索儿童伤害预防教育材料的内容和教学方法,提高儿童伤害预防意识和自我保护能力,评估健康教育的干预效果。方法在2所小学抽取500名儿童为干预对象,对其进行儿童步行安全知识的健康教育,干预前及干预后1个月,分别采用自行设计的认知问卷进行相关知识掌握情况与安全行为遵循情况的调查。结果干预后学生认识黄色交通信号灯起警示作用、下车后正确过马路、正确掌握十字路口遇上红灯时过马路方法的知晓率均有显著提高(P<0.05);在马路上追逐玩闹、在红灯亮起时穿越马路、跨越马路中间护栏过马路等危险行为显著减少(P<0.05);与机动车或非机动车碰撞的情况也显著减少(P<0.05)。结论对儿童开展步行安全健康教育干预效果显著,建议在健康教育形式和内容方面要不断创新,营造伤害预防教育的良好氛围,调动儿童参与的积极性,不断增强干预效果。

Objective To explore the content and teaching education materials of the damage to children,and to improve children＇s injury prevention awareness and self-protection knowledge,and evaluate the results of health education about safe walk among them.Methods 500 children of grade two in two primary schools of Shunde District were chosen to receive the health education,and the data of the kids＇ knowledge of traffic safety and the formation of traffic safety behavior were collected by questionnaires filled out twice by them before and after intervention.Results After intervention,the correct answer rate of the question of the traffic lights,traffic signs and traffic markings and safe behavior knowledge and so on were increased significantly（P〈0.05）.And the risk behaviors such as pursue and play on the road,across the road through the middle barriers had a significant reduction（P〈0.05）.Conclusions Health education for safe walk among children received very good results,it is suggested that health education form and content be improved to arouse kids＇ interest in increasing the interference effect.