2006-2008年南宁某医院道路交通伤害住院患者的住院特征分析

Characteristics of patients of traffic related injuries and the influencing factors in Nanning City 2006-2008,a hospital-based study

目的探讨道路交通伤害发生基本状况及其分布特征,为道路交通伤害的防治提供科学依据。方法抽取南宁某综合医院2006-2008年道路交通伤住院患者的病案资料,对其基本特征进行描述性统计分析。结果三年间调查该院交通伤害住院患者2 042例,男女性别比例为3.38∶1,人群分布以15-49岁年龄段所占比例最大;发生交通伤害地点以乡镇交通区最多（50.54%）。交通伤害最易损伤部位是头部（59.75%）,事故情况以正面相撞比重最大（27.28%）。交通伤害致伤原因以步行时受伤所占比例最大（38.98%）,其中步行受伤的住院病例中女性（44.85%）高于男性（37.25%）,差异有统计学意义（P=0.003 1）;因摩托车受伤入院的男性比例（29.76%）高于女性（15.02%）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.000 1）。结论道路交通伤害已成为不容忽视的社会安全和公共卫生问题,严重危害人们的生命健康及其生活质量。防治道路交通伤害的战略应着眼于改善乡镇交通区的交通管理,提高院前护理、治疗和康复。

Objective To explore the characteristics of the road traffic injury（RTI） through a hospital-based study,and to provide a scientific basis for injury treatment,prevention and control.Methods All the RTI cases admitted to a Nanning comprehensive hospital in the year of 2006-2008 were recruited as research objectives.The data was set up using Epi Data 3.1 and SAS 9.0 was used to perform the statistical analysis,including χ^2-tests.Results There were more men than women among 2 042 RTI inpatients,and the ratio of male to female was 3.38∶1.Patients aged 15～49 years old.50.54% of RTIs took place in the town or rural areas.Head injuries were dominant,accounted for 59.75%,and the most common type of injuries was direct collision,accounted for 27.28%.38.98% of injuries happened in walking,among which women（44.85%） were significantly more than men（37.25%）.Motorcycle was a main cause of injury for male（29.76%）,which were significantly more than women（15.02%）.Conclusions Strategies should be geared to improve the traffic management for town or rural areas,improve pre-hospital care,treatment and rehabilitation of RTI patients.