北京市房山区291名儿童乙型肝炎疫苗免疫应答研究

Study on immune response to hepatitis B vaccine among 291 children in Fangshan District of Beijing

目的了解房山区291例15岁以下儿童接种乙肝疫苗的低、无应答率,为探讨适合儿童人群乙肝疫苗低、无应答者的再免方案提供依据。方法多阶段整群系统随机抽样法抽取8个乡镇的在房山区居住半年以上且按照"0-1-6程序"完成乙肝疫苗接种的15岁以下儿童291人为本次调查对象,同时检测乙肝抗体。结果 15岁以下儿童无应答率9.28%,低应答率15.81%;随着年龄增加,无应答率逐渐上升、低应答率和正常应答率逐渐下降,各年龄段之间低、无应答率与正常应答率差异有统计学意义;男性无应答率9.09%,低应答率14.94%;女性无应答率9.49%,低应答率16.79%;男性与女性低、无应答率差异无统计学意义。结论对于处于低、无应答状态人群应何时进行乙肝疫苗复种,接种剂量和针剂有待于探索。

Objective To understand the immune response to hepatitis B vaccine among 291 children under 15 years old in Fangshan District of Beijing,so as to provide scientific basis for the re-immunization program for children with low or non response rate.Methods 291 children under 15 years old who had completed hepatitis B vaccination by ＂0-1-6 procedures＂ in Fangshan District were recruited by random sampling,the hepatitis B antibody of all subjects were detected.Results The non response rate was 9.28%,the low response rate was 15.81%;the age was positively correlated with non response rate,but negatively correlated with low response rate and normal response rate;there were significant differences in the response rate among different age groups（P〈0.05）,but no significant differences between male and female（P〈0.05）.Conclusions Re-immunization of hepatitis B vaccine should be in time for children with low or non response rate,but the inoculation dose remains to be explored.