教育者权威性与道德教育对象的态度改变

The Authority of Educator and the Attitude Shift of the Educated in Moral Education

社会心理学研究证实,传达者权威性在目标靶态度改变中具有"权威效应"和"睡眠者效应"。社会转型时期道德教育者的权威趋于失落,主要表现在:传统权威的颠覆、法定权威的衰微、知识权威的消解、感召权威的缺失。"睡眠者效应"并没有否定"权威效应"的积极功能,因此要促进教育对象正确道德态度的形成、或是错误道德态度的改变,道德教育者必须重构其感召权威和知识权威,其路径在于:提升道德人格,使教育对象产生敬佩感;融注积极情感,使教育对象产生亲切感;注重专业发展,使教育对象产生信赖感。

Research in social psychology indicates that transmitter＇s authority plays the ＂appeal to authority＂ and ＂sleeper effect＂ during the changes of practice target ＇s attitudes. In the period of social transformation, educators are gradually losing their authority, which is represented by the following aspects ： subversion of traditional authority, weakening legal authority, declining knowledge authority, and inadequacy of emotional appeal. Actually, ＂sleeper effect＂ does not deny the positive function of ＂appeal to authority＂, so educator should reconstruct their emotional appeal and knowledge authority to promote the formation of correct moral attitude of the educated or change their wrong moral perspectives. The approaches raised in the paper are to imrove moral personal character to make the educated admire, melt the educated with positive emotion and make them feel cordial, and focus on a professional development to make the educated have the sense of trust.