论程砚秋的京剧改革思想

On Cheng Yanqiu's ideas of Peking Opera Reform

程砚秋受到梁启超"小说界革命"以及"五四"以来新文化运动的影响,积极改革京剧。他曾尝试吸收西方戏剧之长大力改进中国戏剧,无论从唱腔、唱词、舞台表演及美术设计等方面都对传统京剧艺术程式作了较大的突破及创新。但他晚年则完全沉醉在挖掘、清理传统戏曲遗产,总结传统戏曲规律,维护传统戏曲精神之中。程砚秋从向西方戏剧学习的狂热到回归到维护传统的经历,可视为传统京剧艺人的必然选择。

Cheng Yanqiu had early reformed Peking Opera positively under the influence of Liang Qichao＇s＂Novel revolution＂and＂May 4th＂New Culture Movement.He tried to absorb the advantages of the western theatre to improve the traditional Peking Opera,and made a great innovation at the field of the singing,lyrics,performances and stage design.In his later years he was totally immersed in the mining and cleaning up the legacy and summarizing the law and maintaining the spirit of traditional Chinese opera.It is an inevitable choice to traditional artists that Cheng Yanqiu returned to the maintenance of traditional Peking Opera from the enthusiasm of learning western theatre.