价值观与行为的一致性争议

The Arguments for the Congruence of Values and Behavior

价值观与行为的一致性存在着争论,相关的实证研究包括以下几种模式:价值观直接预测行为;生活方式、态度等中介变量的桥梁作用;人格与情境等调节变量的影响作用。目标层次理论认为价值观与行为之间是由逐渐具体化的目标连接起来的;建构水平理论认为心理距离影响价值观与行为的关系;自我价值定向理论认为个人自我价值体系对行为具有定向作用;新社会分析模型则认为价值观是人格的一个领域,特质与价值观这两个平行的结构共同作用于行为。未来的研究方向可能表现为价值观词典的应用;价值矛盾与行为决策关系的研究;中国文化背景下的价值观与行为一致性的探索以及建立专门针对二者关系的理论模型等方面。

One recurring theme in personality psychology is the argument on the congruence between values and behaviors.The following modes consist in relevant researches： values serve as direct predictors of behaviors;various mediator and moderator influence the relationship between values and behaviors,such as life styles,attitude or personality.The goal hierarchy model suggests that specific objectives connect values to behaviors;while the construal level theory puts forward that the effect of values on behaviors depends on psychological distance;the self-worth orientation theory believes that self-worth systems direct behaviors as well;from the perspective of the neo-socioanalytic model,value is one of the personality domains,it influences behaviors with other domains.The further researches would focus on the application of value lexicon and the relationship between value conflicting and behavior decision,some investigations on the Chinese cultural background and the establishing of specific model.