温度对马铃薯甲虫生长发育的影响

Influence of temperature on development and reproduction of experimental populations of the Colorado potato beetle,Leptinotarsa decemlineata(Say) (Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae)

为了进一步明确温度对马铃薯甲虫Leptinotarsa decemlineata(Say)生长发育的影响,在恒温条件,研究了温度对马铃薯甲虫实验种群生长发育的影响。结果表明:温度对马铃薯甲虫各虫态的发育历期、存活率及种群的繁殖力有显著的影响。发育历期随温度的升高而缩短,发育速率与温度呈显著的正相关。马铃薯甲虫世代存活率由大到小的顺序为27℃>23℃>19℃>31℃>15℃。27℃时成虫的产卵量最高,单雌平均卵量为729.7粒;其次为23℃,单雌平均卵量为639.2粒。并测得马铃薯甲虫卵、1龄幼虫、2龄幼虫、3龄幼虫、4龄幼虫、幼虫期、蛹期及全世代的发育起点温度分别为9.14,10.50,8.17,10.28,9.04,9.59,10.23和10.90℃,有效积温分别为73.26,43.22,39.23,34.05,161.97,273.02,100.38和542.58日.度。据此认为温度对马铃薯甲虫实验种群的生长发育、存活和繁殖影响明显。

To research the influence of temperature on the development and reproduction of experimental populations of the Colorado potato beetle,Leptinotarsa decemlineata （Say）,and then provide some basic data for the control and prediction of pest,the development and reproduction of every stage of Leptinotarsa decemlineata （Say） were observed at five temperatures （15℃,19℃,23℃,27℃ and 31℃） in the laboratory. The developmental threshold temperature and effective accumulated temperature of different stages of the Colorado potato beetle were calculated. The results showed that the developmental rate of the Colorado potato beetle increased with the rise of temperature from 15℃ to 31℃. The generation survival rate of the Colorado potato beetle decreased in the order of 27℃23℃19℃31℃15℃,suggesting that excessively high or low temperature was unfavorable to the survival. The developmental threshold temperatures required for egg stage,1st instar,2nd instar,3rd instar,4th instar,whole larval stage,pupal stage and egg-adult period were 9.14,10.50,8.17,10.28,9.04,9.59,10.23 and 10.90℃,while the effective accumulated temperatures were 73.26,43.22,39.23,34.05,161.97,273.02,100.38 and 542.58 degree-days,respectively. It is so concluded that the influence of temperature on the developmental duration,survival rate and reproduction of experimental populations of the Colorado potato beetle was remarkable.