准坐标系下的弹性飞行器飞行动力学建模

Modeling of Fully Flexible Aircrafts in Terms of Quasi-coordinates

结合有限元思想和拉格朗日方程推导了准坐标系下的弹性飞行器飞行动力学模型,与通常采用的平均轴系建模方法相比,该方法克服了变量难在相同坐标系下表示等缺点,而且该模型包含了自由度之间所有的耦合,能够更充分的反映刚性自由度与弹性自由度间的交叉耦合特性,更全面的从本质上体现飞行器结构动力学、空气动力学以及飞行动力学这种多学科之间相互影响的非线性飞行动力学特性。该动力学模型可用于弹性飞行器非线性稳定性分析、弹性飞行器飞行动力学与控制理论分析等。

As the frequency separation between the rigid body modes and the structural dynamics becomes tighter, the traditional aircraft flight mechanics treatment, there is, the rigid body approximation, may be not efficient. A complete coupled equation of motion for fully flexible aircrafts were derived, without any constraint relationship, which was done by employing Lagrange’s equations and the finite element method in terms of quasi-coordinates. This model includes automatically all six rigid-body degrees of freedom and elastic deformations, as well as the gravity, propulsion, aerodynamics, and control forces, in addition to forces of an external nature, such as gusts. Different from the modeling method based on ＂mean axes＂ coordinate system, the seamless integration was achieved by using the same reference frame and the same variables to describe the aircraft motions and the force acting on it, including the aerodynamic forces. The formulation is modular in nature, in the sense that the structural model, the aerodynamic theory, and the controls method can be replaced by any other ones to better suit different types of aircraft, provided certain criteria are satisfied.