试论叶燮正变观念批判性的思想渊源

On the Exploration of Ideological Origins of Ye Xie's Critical "Zheng" and "Bian"

叶燮坚持瓦解正、变的绝对性,消解对立,力求诗歌创作摆脱"正"或"变"的桎梏,获得真正的自由,根本性地颠覆了传统诗学中的正变思想,体现出强烈的批判意识,丰富了诗学内涵。而这样的批判意识并不是无源之水,它来自晚明重视批判的学术背景、诗学演变的内在逻辑以及王阳明反对朱、程"理学"中的颠覆性精神。这三个方面架构起来的诗学语境,成为叶燮坚守批判立场,颠覆传统正变思想有效的精神资源。

By means of persisting in blurring a clear-cut distinction and eliminating their absolute opposition between ＂Zheng＂ and ＂Bian＂,Ye Xie attempted to make poetry creation free from the confines of the traditional concept of ＂Zheng＂ and ＂Bian＂ to achieve its total freedom.As an utterly subversive conception to the traditional ＂Zheng＂ and ＂Bian＂,Ye Xie＇s perspective virtually enriched poetics connotation,with an intensive embodiment of a critical consciousness.However,that critical consciousness was not totally Maverick,which actually evolved from several aspects as follows： the critically academic background in late Ming Dynasty,the intrinsic logic of poetry development,as well as Wang Yangming＇s subversive spirits of ＂Neo-Confucianism＂,which was advanced by Zhu Xi and Cheng Hao.Based on the above-mentioned contextual factors,which were indeed effective ideological origins of Ye＇s theory,Ye Xie firmly stuck to his critical standpoint.