养分管理对寒地水稻籽粒灌浆特性的影响

Effect of nutrient management on grain filling characters of rice

为研究养分管理对寒地水稻籽粒灌浆的影响,采用田间小区试验方法,25穴·m-2条件下,设置习惯施肥(T1)和优化施肥(T2),在28穴·m-2条件下,设置常规高产施肥(T3)和优化高产施肥(T4)。结果表明,T2和T4的强势粒起始灌浆势大,灌浆持续时间短,灌浆速率快,生长终值量高,其中T4生长终值量最大。与T1相比,T2弱势粒的起始灌浆势增加了10.56%,平均灌浆速率大,活跃灌浆期延长0.70d,生长终值量增加了3.03%。与T3相比,T4弱势粒的平均灌浆速率增加了11.36%,活跃灌浆期缩短3.47d,生长终值量差异不大。可见,通过养分管理能增加籽粒灌浆速率,缩短强势粒灌浆时间,增加籽粒的重量。

A plot experiment with four treatments：the farmers＇ fertilization practice （T1）,the integrated nitrogen management （T2）,the normal high yield fertilization practice （T3） and the high yield fertilization practice with the integrated nitrogen management （T4） was conducted to study the effects of nutrient management on grain filling properties.The density of T1 and T2 was 25 holes·m-2,and the density of T3 and T4 was 28 holes·m-2.The results showed that T2 and T4 treatments increased the initial grain filling potential and meant the grain filling rate of the superior grains （SG）,and shortened the active grain filling period.Therefore,the final growth increment of grain with T2 and T4 treatments was higher than that of T1 and T3 treatments,and T4 was the highest in the study.Compared with T1 and T2 treatment increased the initial grain filling potential of inferior grains （IG） by 10.56% and the mean grain filling rate of IG,prolonged the active grain filling period of IG by 0.70 d,so the final growth increment was increased by 3.03%.Compared with T3 and T4 increased the mean grain filling rate of IG by 11.36%,shortened the active grain filling period of IG by 3.47 d.The results showed that the nutrient management could control the grain filling process,shorten the active grain filling period of SG,and increase the grain weight.