早期诊断急性肾损伤的生物学标志物研究现状

Early biomarkers for acute kidney injury

急性肾损伤（AKI）是一种常见的严重疾病。由于缺乏诊断AKI的早期生物学标志物，往往导致早期有效治疗的延误。目前对于诊断AKI新的生物学标志物的研究已发展到了临床研究阶段，最有希望成为早期诊断AKI的生物学标志物包括中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白、IL-18、肾损伤分子-1和L-脂肪酸结合蛋白。本文就近年来关于上述几种生物学标志物的研究作一综述，为应用早期诊断AKI的生物学标志物提供理论依据。

Acute kidney injury （AKI） represents a common and devastating problem in clinical medicine. The lack of early biomarkers for AKI has led to a delay in initiating potentially effective therapies. Identification of novel biomarkers for AKI has progressed to the clinical phase of the biomarker discovery process. The most promising AKI biomarkers include neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocaiin, IL-18, kidney injury molecule-1 and liver-type fatty acid binding protein. In this article, we review the study of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, IL-18, kidney injury molecule-1 and liver-type fatty acid binding protein in recent years,in order to provide the theory basis for the clinical application of the early biomarkers for AKI.