阿马尔那时代的近东大国关系

On Relationship of Great Powers in NearEast during Amarna Age

阿马尔那时代之前的近东各国在北叙利亚的争夺是阿马尔那时代近东大国关系的序曲。在阿马尔那时代,近东各大国以叙利亚为活动舞台创造了多极化的政治格局。此时期近东政治格局更加多极化,由三极(埃及、米坦尼和巴比伦)转变为四极(埃及、赫梯、巴比伦和亚述)。格局转变的主要推动力来自赫梯和亚述。在这个转变过程中,逐渐形成了如下三组外交关系:埃及、米坦尼与赫梯外交关系,埃及、巴比伦与亚述外交关系,埃及、亚述与赫梯外交关系。埃及是维持近东大国多极化格局的拱顶石。

The fight among great powers in North Syria in pre-Amarna Age was a prelude to the relationship among great powers of Near East in Amarna Age. In Amarna Age, Syria as the movable stage, the major countries in the Near East created a multi-polar political structure. During this period, multi-polar political situation in the Near East was more obvious, from triple-pole （Egypt, Mitanni and Babylon） to quadrupole （Egypt, Hittite, Assyria and Babylon）. For transformation of political structure, the main driving force come from the Hittite and Assyrian in this transformation process, the three groups diplomatic relationships gradually formed as follows： Egypt, Mitanni and Hittite, Egypt, Babylon and Assyria, Egypt, Assyria and the Hittite diplomatic relations. Egypt was a keystone in the maintenance of a multi-polar structure in the Near East.