南京市鼓楼区孕妇出生缺陷相关知识知晓情况调查与分析

Survey on knowledge of birth defect prevention among pregnant women in Gulou district of Nanjing city

目的：了解南京市鼓楼区孕妇对出生缺陷相关知识的掌握情况及其态度与需求，为以社区为基础的出生缺陷一级预防提供工作思路。方法：采用调查问卷的方式，对2008年3月至2009年7月在南京市鼓楼区建围产期保健小卡的孕妇进行调查。结果：共收回问卷3858份，其中有效问卷3777份，有效率为97．90％。结果显示，孕妇对预防出生缺陷相关知识知晓率为7．33％～99．05％。除两项外，其他项的知晓率均随着文化程度的增高而提高（P〈0．05）。96．64％的调查对象希望得到有关优生优育方面的知识．88．03％了解有关优生知识，其获取的途径主要是报纸、杂志、书籍。结论：孕妇普遍知晓出生缺陷预防的基本知识，但不全面；大多数孕妇都有获得优生知识的需求；基层妇幼保健工作者须扩大孕妇健康教育的广度与深度。

Objective： To study the current status of the knowledge, attitude and demands of birth defect prevention among the pregnant women in Gulou district of Nanjing city in order to provide the support for the community- based first level prevention of the birth defect. Methods： A questionnaire survey was made among the pregnant women who had report cards of perinatal health during March 2008 to July 2009. Results： 3 858 questionnaires were collected and the valid ones were 3 777, with an effective rate of 97.90%. The investigation indicated that the levels of the knowledge of birth defect prevention among the pregnant women were 7.33% -99.05%. The lev- els increased with their education（P 〈 0.05） except two items. 96.64% pregnant women had a keen demand for learning eugenics knowledge and 88.03% understood something about eugenics mainly through the newspapers, magazines and books. Conclusion： The pregnant women have incomplete knowledge about birth defect prevention and most of them have a demand for learning eugenics knowledge. Health education for pregnant women should be popularized and strengthened.