昆山市海洛因成瘾者美沙酮维持治疗疗效评估

Effective Evaluation on Methadone Maintenance Treatment for Heroin Dependent Patients in Kunshan City

[目的]评价美沙酮维持治疗在昆山市实施的效果。[方法]对昆山市美沙酮维持治疗门诊2009年4月至2010年2月治疗的海洛因成瘾者随访资料进行分析。[结果]基线调查时调查100人,治疗后10个月第2次调查179人,过去1个月注射吸毒者所占比例分别为70.00%、12.29%(P<0.01);过去3个月有性行为者最近1次性行为时安全套使用率分别为10.45%、11.60%(P>0.05);因吸食毒品而有违法行为者分别占10.00%、3.35%(P<0.05);自我感觉与家人的关系良好者分别占45.00%、78.21%(P<0.01);有正当工作者分别占32.00%、58.66%(P<0.01)。过去1个月注射吸毒者注射毒品由81.01±2.42次下降至2.56±0.28次(P<0.01),共用针具由6.42±1.72次下降到0次(P<0.01)。[结论]美沙酮维持治疗可以减少受治者的注射毒品高危行为、违法犯罪行为,改善其与家人的关系,但安全套使用率无明显变化。

[Objective] To evaluate the effectiveness of methadone maintenance treatment（MMT）in Kunshan city.[Methods]Analysis was made on the follow-up data from April 2009 to February 2010 on methadone maintenance treatment for heroin dependent patients in Kunshan city.[Results]In the baseline survey,100 people were investigated;and 10 months after treatment,179 people were investigated in the second survey.The proportion of injecting drug users in the past month was 70.00% and 12.29%（P0.01）;the recent rate of condom use during sexual intercourse who had sexual intercourse over the past three months was 10.45% and 11.60%（P0.05）;the proportion of drug offenses accounted for 10.00% and 3.35%（P0.05）;the proportion of feeling a good relationship with their families accounted for 45.00% and 78.21%（P0.01）;the proportion of people who had a legal job accounted fo 32.00% and 58.66%（P0.01）;the times of injecting drug in the injecting drug users over the past month decreased from 81.01±2.42 times to 2.56±0.28 times（P0.01）;the times of needle sharing were down from 6.42± 1.72 times to 0（P0.01）.[Conclusion]Methadone maintenance treatment can reduce drug injection in the drug addicts＇s high-risk behavior,criminal behavior,and improve their relationships with their families,but with no significant changes in condom use.