苹毛丽金龟性信息素嗅觉行为与释放模式

Sex Pheromone in Proagopertha lucidula (Faldermann) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): Olfactory Behavior and Temporal Pattern of Emission

苹毛丽金龟在中国很多地区是重要经济害虫。一些化学药剂可以用来防治该金龟子的危害,但是在花期用药,容易产生药害,同时杀伤蜜蜂等有益昆虫。通过行为学研究,证实性信息素存在,以及寄主挥发物和光周期对性信息释放的影响,为信息素结构鉴定、人工合成和田间试验奠定基础。在实验室利用采集的两性及寄主挥发物测试雌雄行为反应,结果表明,苹毛丽金龟通讯行为受寄主植物和性信息素调控。添加了雌性挥发物的寄主植物挥发物,能增加对雄虫的吸引力。喂食与不喂食李子花对性信息素释放具有显著影响。气相色谱及行为学研究证实至少有一种物质作为性信息素存在于雌性挥发物中。光期开始后4-6h,是雌性信息素释放的高峰期。

Proagopertha lucidula （Faldermann） （Coleoptera： Scarabaeidae）, is a pest of economic importance in many regions of China. Some chemical agents can be used to control the adult beetles during the period of fruit flowering, but easily lead to injury to some fruit flowers, and to be harmful to the bees. Therefore, complementary strategies for the management of this pest should be evaluated. The objective of this study was to describe behavioural evidence for a sex pheromone in P. lucidula, and to investigate the influence of host plant volatiles availability and photoperiod on sex pheromone release, as a foundation study for the identification, synthesis and field evaluation of this insect pheromone. Volatiles from both sexes of P. lucidula and plant host were collected by aeration and the behavioural response of males and females was evaluated in laboratory. The results showed that the communication in P. lucidula was mediated by sex pheromone and host plant volatiles. The attraction of host plant volatiles to males was increased by the addition of female volatiles. Release of female volatiles was dependent on the presence of the plum flowers as the amount of compounds differs significantly when volatiles were collected from the female with or without access to plum flowers. At least one female-specific compound were detected in the chromatographic analysis that provided chemical support to the behavioral data. A peak of release of the female volatile shows between 4 h and 6 h after beginning of photophase.