浙江省社区散居儿童手足口病危险因素调查

Risk factors of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD) in scattered children in Zhejiang province

目的探讨浙江省社区散居儿童手足口病发病的危险因素,为重点人群防控提供依据。方法对36月龄以下社区散居儿童中手足口病病例和对照进行调查,用χ2检验进行单因素分析,用非条件logistic回归进行多因素分析。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果单因素分析显示饭前便后不洗手、近一周奶瓶不消毒、日常看护者不了解手足口病防治知识、家庭人均居住面积小、近一周接触手足口病病人、近一周与其他儿童共用玩具、近一周到过人群密集场所是危险因素,6月龄以上人群是高危人群,近一周去过接种门诊具有保护作用。多因素分析显示母乳喂养和近一周去过接种门诊是保护性因素,日常看护者不了解手足口病防治知识、近一周奶瓶不消毒、家庭人均居住面积小和近一周到过人群密集场所均是危险因素。结论 3岁以下社区散居儿童手足口病发病影响因素众多,应从多方面进行预防以降低发病率,减少死亡病例的发生。

Objective To investigate the risk factors of hand-foot-and-mouth disease（HFMD） in scattered children of community in Zhejiang province and provide evidence for disease prevention and control.Methods The risk factors of HFMD in scattered children were determined by comparing living behaviors,environment situations and activities between cases and controls.The data were analyzed by Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression.Results The results of univariate analysis indicated that HFMD was associated with 9 factors,including age in months,vaccination clinic visit,hands washing,disinfection of feeding bottle,disease prevention knowledge and practice in caregivers,living space,exposure to HFMD cases,sharing toys with others and staying in crowding public places.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that 6 factors had statistical significance,including breast feeding,vaccination clinic visit,disease prevention knowledge and practice in caregivers,disinfection of feeding bottle,living space and staying in crowding public places.Conclusion Comprehensive measures should be adopted to reduce the incidence rate of HFMD.