我国高等农林本科院校的发展模式变化研究

Study on Development Pattern Changes of Higher Agricultural & Forestry Universities in China

对我国高等农林本科院校解放前、解放后至改革开放前、改革开放后三个阶段发展模式的变化及其影响因素进行分析和探讨。结果表明:解放前,我国高等农林本科院校的发展基本遵循两种模式,即"独立-合并/独立"模式和"综合-综合"模式;解放后至改革开放前只有一种模式,即"独立-独立"模式;改革开放后的模式有"独立-综合"和"综合-独立"两种。发展模式的选择是三种因素共同作用的结果,即社会经济的发展是根本决定因素;国家政策的变化是直接决定因素;高校的自主发展能力则是关键因素。

This paper analyzed the development pattern changes of China＇s agricultural forestry universities and colleges in three different stages：before 1949,from 1949 till 1978 and after 1978..The results show that two patterns called ＂independence-merger/independence＂ model and ＂comprehensiveness-comprehensiveness＂ model were followed by China＇s agricultural forestry universities before 1949,there was only one pattern called ＂independence-independence＂ model from 1949 till 1978;and there were two patterns called ＂independence-comprehensiveness＂ model and ＂comprehensiveness-independence＂ model since 1978.Different patterns in different eras and for different universities are co-determined basically by three factors：social-economic development;changes of national policies,and universities＇ self-development capacities.