塞缪尔·贝克特戏剧早期批评考辨

Critique of Early Criticism of Samuel Beckett’s Drama

贝克特戏剧早期批评的主流虽然是哲学研究,但也并非只有法国存在主义哲学的独角戏。这一时期,形式研究—哲学研究的综合运用及其视野变化、现代主义—后现代主义论战的兴起均对后期批评的基本范型产生了深远的影响;而随着批评的不断壮大,研究也一度深陷理论相对不足的尴尬。只有在打破批评的僵局之后,贝克特戏剧批评才终获发展的强大动力。

Although early criticism of Beckett’s drama was dominated by philosophical studies,it was by no means the monodrama of French existentialist philosophy.The combined use of formalist-existentialist approaches in an ever-changing interest in new dimensions and perspectives,and the rise of the modernist-postmodernist debate over Beckett’s position had each left a far-reaching impact on later criticism with established parameters.During this period,as the sheer volume of criticism increased,Beckett scholarship also experienced the relative inadequacy of theoretical options.It was only after breaking out of this incarceration that criticism of Beckett’s drama really began gathering momentum for greater developments.