基于集装箱资源共享的班轮公司空箱调运优化模型

Integer Programming Allocation Model of Empty Containers by Sea Transportation Based on the Container Resources Sharing in Liner Operators

为提高集装箱的利用率,建立了基于集装箱资源共享的班轮公司海运空箱调运的整数规划模型,指导班轮公司之间以共享集装箱资源为基础,并综合考虑影响空箱调运费用的各主要因素后完成调运优化.该模型的优化目标为:所有参与合作调运的班轮公司在保证重箱运输的前提下,将空箱无偿地互相使用,再配合合理租箱,最终达到使所有空箱需求均得到满足的综合获取总成本最小.其后算例给出两家班轮公司在一定航线上海运空箱调运的优化方案,验证了模型的有效性,通过对比进行集装箱资源共享前后调运方案的不同,分析说明运用此模型可以克服班轮公司集装箱资源限制造成的不利,并且更加合理有效地增进调运优化的效果.

To improve the utilization ratio of containers, an integer programming allocation model of empty containers by sea transportation based on the container resources sharing in liner operators is presented. The model will help the liner operators to distribute empty containers when the container resources are shared in them, and at the same time the factors which affect the cost of empty containers allocation remarkably is considered. The optimization objective of the model is, when all liner operators who participate in the cooperating allocation can guarantee the shipping of the full containers and use each other’s empty containers by free, the minimum of comprehensive obtaining cost for satisfying all empty containers demands which includes allocating and renting empty containers. A numerical example followed, which is concluded with a optimized scheme of empty containers allocation by sea transportation on the base of the container resources are shared between two liner operators, shows that the model is practical and efficient. Then, a series of analysis about the numerical example are made by contrast with what＇s going on if the container resources are not shared. The result is that the container resources sharing do help the liner operators overcome the disadvantages brought by the limited container resources and have great effect on reasonably and efficiently improving the optimizing allocation.